Pregnancy is an exciting time, but it is also crucial for the unborn child’s oral and overall health. The perinatal period begins around 20–28 weeks into pregnancy and ends 1–4 weeks after birth. With so much preparation for the new arrival, a dental checkup is often overlooked — but it shouldn’t be.

Research shows a link between maternal periodontal (gum) disease and conditions such as premature birth, low birth weight, maternal preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes. Maintaining excellent oral health throughout pregnancy is essential for both mother and child.

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Why Are Perinatal Dental Checkups Important?

Maternal cariogenic (cavity-causing) bacteria are associated with many adverse outcomes in infants and young children. For this reason, the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) recommends that expectant mothers receive regular dental checkups and counseling for prevention, intervention, and treatment.

Perinatal Oral Care Tips for Expectant Mothers

  • Brush and floss: Use an ADA-approved, fluoridated toothpaste twice daily and floss once a day.
    Add an alcohol-free mouthwash for extra protection.
  • Chew xylitol gum: Chewing gum with xylitol 3–5 times daily has been shown to reduce cavities in infants and toddlers.
    Be sure to check the ingredient list — no other sugar substitute has proven this benefit.
  • Evaluate your diet: Keep a food diary to reduce sugary and starchy foods.
    These increase the risk of tooth decay by feeding harmful bacteria.
  • Make regular dental appointments: Routine visits allow the dentist to monitor oral health,
    provide strategies to reduce bacteria, and support home care efforts.

How Can I Care for My Infant’s Gums and Teeth?

Many parents don’t realize that cavity-causing bacteria can be transmitted from parent to child through shared utensils or cleaning pacifiers in the parent’s mouth. Instead, always use separate utensils and rinse pacifiers with warm water.

Guidelines for Infant Oral Health

  • Brush: For children under two, use a soft-bristled toothbrush and a smear of ADA-approved, non-fluoridated toothpaste twice daily.
  • Floss: Begin flossing as soon as two adjacent teeth appear. Ask your pediatric dentist for technique guidance.
  • Pacifier use: Choose an orthodontically correct pacifier. Never dip pacifiers in honey or other sweet liquids.
  • Use drinking glasses: Avoid prolonged use of bottles and sippy cups, which can cause “baby bottle decay.”
    Only put water in sippy cups, and discontinue their use after the first birthday.
  • Visit the pediatric dentist: Schedule a “well-baby” dental appointment by age one.
    The dentist will check tooth and jaw development and provide future oral care strategies.
  • Wipe gums: Before teeth emerge, wipe your infant’s gums with a damp cloth after every feeding to reduce bacteria.

If you have further questions about perinatal or infant oral care, please contact your pediatric dentist.